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Part 17- Network Bridge (Networking Devices)- Computer Networking- CCNA

hello friends .. i am Vasu Birla and today we will discuss about the another network device that is Network Bridge.

Network Bridge 

Network Bridge is a device which is used to get connect multiple network segments. And it is capable to filter data traffic on the base of MAC(Media Access Control) address. This device works on Layer 2 of OSI Model.

The Main function of Bridge is to reduce the amount of data traffic in the network by the dividing of LAN into multiple segments.

WHY Network Bridge was needed ? 


Look at above picture ,  suppose there is a Local area network and using bus topology or Ethernet devices are connected with it.  now look in picture there are 8 computers .  suppose if computer 1 is want to communicate or transfer data computer 4, so he will send data but problem was that , all remaining computer get the same data , number 4 computer will receive data and all computer would drop the data so it would create a unwanted data traffic and it may cause a slow speed of data or may be shut the Network. so because of this problem bridge is used to reduce the unnecessary data traffic.

How does bridge work ?? 



Look at above picture , there is a Network in which a Network bridge is used , suppose computer 1 does want to send data computer 4 , so data will be sent to only computers those are in a single segments , because there is bridge which does not allow to pass data in another segment until data is to be sent in another segment. if Computer 1 wants to send data to computer 7 so bridge will allow data to pass through the bridge otherwise data will be filter.

How Data Frames are filtered ?? 

As we know each data frame contain a Source MAC address and Destination MAC address.
 So Network bridge makes a table in which port numbers are there. 

In above picture there is two ports of bridge  Port Number 1 and 2.  and suppose computer 1 is A... Computer 2 is B , Computer 3 is C and Computer 4 is D ....like wise Computer 5,6,7,8 are  E, F, G, H.

Now read care fully 

Network Bridge makes a Table stored in it's buffer  in which Port 1 of bridge contain MAC address of  Computer A ,B, C, D
and Port 2 of Bridge Contain MAC address of Computer E, F, G, H.

now this network bridge has a information about ports and their computers on the base of MAC address.

Computer A send Data to Computer D  so .. data will go to all B  C and D data but on the basis of MAC destination address only D will receive the data and B and C will dropout the data.  as well Bridge will also drop the data at port 1 because the destination is not in port 2 segment.


So it is clear that Bridge can easily divide the LAN into multiple segments and reduce the data traffic so that hosts can get good speed of data.


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