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computer Networking- CCNA part 10 of Segment 1- Network Layer of OSI Model

OSI Model - Network Layer

hello friends ,,,i am Vasu Birla once again ,,and today we are going to discuss another layer of OSI Model that is  Network layer.
In Previous layer Data link layer we got the actual working and definition of single networks ,Data link layer defines boundary of a single network , but  when we talk about lots of Networks means Internet or Inter-networking then Network Layer tell us that how it works  how internet is functioning today.

Network Layer - Network layer deals with the lots of network it convince us that how data , devices and networks can be accessed and managed in World wide web or in internet.
Some Most important functions of the network layers are -

  • Packets 
  • Logical addressing 
  • Internetworking 
  • Routing 
  • Error Handling & Diagnostics 


1. Packets -  On the network layer PDU ( Protocol data-gram unit ) is Packets  it means  on this layer Data is available in the form of packets just like data link layer's PDU is frame  like wise network layer data is in form of packets

Here Read me doc. will be sent in form of packets

2. Logical Addressing- Each and every device in the network or inter-network requires a Logical Address. this address is also known as Layer-3 address.
For example- Internet Protocol or IP address - which is made of 32 bits . If your Network follows a TCP/IP Model then each machine needs a IP address for communication. Although Data link Layer also use some address  which is known as Physical Address, but this logical addresses are not dependent on particular hardware machine. As well these IP addressed or Logical addresses are unique in whole network. It means if we have to communicate from one machine to another machine so both machine should have IP address and they must be unique , whether devices are in a single network or in different network. 

Example of Logical addess

3. Inter-networking  - When we get communicate between two or more network via some internetworking or layer3 devices, that functioning is known as Inter-networking. This layer deals that how data is transferred between two or more networks.
Group of Networks  are called Inter-networks  or Internet

4. Routing - Among the group of networks, choosing the best path for transferring data through the devices is known as routing. This the most important feature of Network layer. 
Routing - select best route for sending your data to destination

Choosing best path to for better communication is called Routing

5. Error Handling & Diagnostic - There are many protocol work on network layer , for example ICMP (Internet control message protocol) which deals with error reporting and query messages or our network problems. by the help of this protocol we can know that our devices are working properly or not.

Devices are used in the Network layer are Router and Layer3 Switches.


In the next part we will discuss about 4th layer or Transport Layer... Hare krishna ,,,,,



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