Programming & Networking (MERN + Cisco + Microsoft)

OSI Model - Network Layer hello friends ,,,i am Vasu Birla once again ,,and today we are going to discuss another layer of OSI Model that is  Network layer. In Previous layer Data link layer we got the actual working and definition of single networks ,Data link layer defines boundary of a single network , but  when we talk about lots of Networks means Internet or Inter-networking then Network Layer tell us that how it works  how internet is functioning today. Network Layer - Network layer deals with the lots of network it convince us that how data , devices and networks can be accessed and managed in World wide web or in internet. Some Most important functions of the network layers are - Packets  Logical addressing  Internetworking  Routing  Error Handling & Diagnostics  1. Packets -   On the network layer PDU ( Protocol data-gram unit ) is Packets  it means  on this layer Data is available in the form of packets just like data link layer's PDU is frame  like

LLC vs MAC Sublayers  hello friends this is Vasu Birla and today we will know about sublayers of data link layer . As we discussed in the last part that data link layer takes data from physical layer in form of bits (0,1) and check the transmission errors and then convert it in to frames. Data Link layer performs very important and complex task in our network. so for reducing of its complexcity it further divided in two parts or sub-layers. These are - LLC (Logical Link Control) Layer MAC (Media Access Control) Layer Logical Link Control Layer -   This sublayer provides services to Network Layer and  hides details of data link layer on network layer. It establish and control Logical links between local devices on network.  Today Most LAN technologies use this LLC protocol. LLC and MAC functions Media Access Control Layer- For Reducing the data traffic and conflict problem in network medium this MAC layer is used. MAC layer defines that how devices communicate on n

OSI Model - Data Link Layer  Hello friends once again i am vasu birla for discussing about second and most overloaded layer of OSI model  it is Data link Layer Data Link Layer -  It is the second layer from the bottom of OSI layer. Some Important functions of data link are following - Framing Error Detection Physical Addressing Flow Control   . Framing -   in the physical layer PDU (protocol data unit) is bit  it means in the physical layer data comes in form of bit or 0,1 form.  but later these different bits is converted in the frames combination of some 0s and 1s  the reason behind the framing is  easy error detection , so framing of data takes place in the data link layer.   Error Detection - When each layer of OSI pass data to other layer so it include header also ,, but the only data link layer attach header and as well as trailer . There is value in this Trailer  that is known as FCS or Frame check sequence.  FCS value is a calculated value of our frame whic

OSI Model - Physical Layer  Hello Friends i am Vasu Birla and today i will discuss about first Layer of OSI model ,, Physical Layer. Physical Layer   is the layer where actual data moves physically across the networks interfaces or components.   Physical layer specify standards about physical cables, devices and connecters. Some Important functions of physcial layer are:-  Transmission Media -  Which kind of medium used to transmit data it is wired or wireless and which kind of cables and connecters are used  , and how data are sent one devices to other with wired or wireless midium these all are comes under physical layer. (We will discuss in details about every transmission medium)   Transmission mediums Encoding & Signaling - Physical layer is also responsible for encoding and Signaling function. for exam those data are in form of bits or 0 and 1 form  so how these data can be sent to other devices and  what voltage levels should be for sending data in form of Sig

OSI Model  (Open System interconnection) Hii , i am Vasu Birla and today we discuss about OSI Model, a very popular term often used in the Networking. So  What is OSI model and why it is needed  So pahle History pad lete he ,,, History of Osi -   In the 1977, ISO (International Standard Organization) made a committee for Develop a Open standard for Interconnection between the all kind of electronic devices  after that Later in 1984 ISO's committee introduce a OSI model ( Open System Interconnection Model). What does mean by OPEN   - In OSI (Open system interconnection ),,, Here Open means ,, whomever follow this Model  means  vendors , Manufactures ( IBM,apple,Microsoft, Intel )   jo bhi ho ,, if they follow this model for manufacture computer systems so, Those devices, systems can communicate to each other  whether that are from same vendor or from different Manufacturer . ( matlab yadi ye companies OSI ko follow karke apne systems banate he to wo aapas me internet se conne

hello friends this is Vasu Birla ,, and today we will discuss about third method of classification of Networks . 3. Network Topologies     What is Topology ? Topology mean How devices connected to each other and how they transmit data in network .. .. Ther are Two kind of ToPoloty ..  i.  Physical Topology.   It means actual layout of the computer , cables and other devices ,,, simply how devices are looking physically,. that is Physical Toplology. ( Jo Actual dikh raha he human eyes se wo physical topology he). Note:-  It does not sence how they look physical ,,but it matters that how they work logically ,, so  logical topology is important   ii.  Logical Topology.   It Means How devices data transfer the data in the network ,,or how they work ,, For example   Hub ,,   Hub is centralize device  ,,they are looking like a Star Topology (jab use apni aakho se dekhoge to star topology dikhegi) but when we understand the working of hub ,,we will get that  Logically

Hello once again ,, i am Vasu Birla ,, and today we will discuss about second method of classification of Network . 2. Area of networks. .. according to this method Network are classified in following  types  PAN- personal area network LAN - Local area network   MAN- Metropolitan area network  WAN - Wide area network    (i)..PAN - personal area network-   It is a Small computer network.  This network in used within 10 meter of area only. it include wired and wireless medium,, example ,, Two pc cab be connected directly by single cable  and fax machines , printers , Telephones  and in wireless  Bluetooth is the best example for PAN.  (Wireless headphone, wireless keyboard, Mouse) PAN     (ii)..LAN - Local area network-    It is a network which is used for small area around 100 meter  like small office , Home, building and school ,,but it can be extended after 100 meter with help of Switches but Generally LAN is for 100 meter area. Ethernet Cable is us

I am vasu birla  and once again i am going to discuss on some terms of Networking ,, In the Last Part we knew about the Types of Network according to diffrent methods so the first method is Network Design. 1. Network Design.,   according to this method Network are classified in two types  (i)..Peer to Peer Network  (ii).. Client - Server Network    Before we talk about it ,, i am going to discuss some terms which are Server and clients Server - Server is a computer which act as a service provider . if we give some specific roles to any  computer . that computer perform that roles ,.,, for example if install printer server in a computer so that computer will act as a Printer server. Client.-   Second type of computer are clients ,, which act as a Service requester in a network. for example if you use your computer and access Google.com  so at that type your computer is client or service requester.  (i)..Peer to Peer Network  -   i n this a single computer act as a ser

CCNA full training and knowledge in hindi and simple english language. TYPES OF NETWORKs So we can classified Network by many Methods here are these methods.  hum  ye sabhi types agle parts me discuss karege. 1. Network Design-   client server and peer to peer Network     2.Area of Networks Lan, Wan , Pan , SAN    3.Network Topology  Bus ,Ring ,Star,  mesh ,Hybrid    We will discuss these methods in next parts

hello friends ,my name is Vasu Birla from Sanawad ..and i have decided to start a blog for Computer Lovers specially for those students who are interested in Networking and small tricks of computer which made you confident and valuable. To me har chiz shuru se ek dum basic level se start karuga Networking me CCNA matlab cisco devices and MCSE matlab Windows servers ka full knowledge lene wale he ,, i am not proffesor but i make ensure you that my every content will make you knowledgeable. First of all sabse pahle hume Networks ke bare me padna he to first question is .. What is Network ??  Networks means interconnections means when things are connected to each other that is Network. Whether it is of People or things or equipments.  What is Computer Networking ? In a Information Technology , Points or Devices or Computers which are Connected to each other by any communication paths are may be wired o r wireless .  Computer Network is collection of hardware dev ices and c

MCSE vs CCNA - Which is better Certification ? Types of Computer Network Certifications Network Certifications To become a computer professional, expertise is the highest requirement that must be achieved. This comes from years of practice and study. Indeed, one should not even pursue a computer technology career unless one is willing to study and study and study. Computer technology changes every few years and that means that in order to keep up with the changes, one must delve into the topic or topics. For instance, the Internet only became popular in the early 90's. Not everyone jumped on the band wagon. Even Bill Gates decided to move Microsoft from a software company, to an Internet company. This was in 1991. But there were other companies that did see the rise of the Internet and prepared for it. One such company was Cisco Systems of California. They specialized in Routers and Switches. Hardware. Microsoft, a software company also entered the Internet

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