Skip to main content

Computer Networking- CCNA part 11 of Segment 1- Transport Layer of OSI Model



Transport Layer 

hello friends , i am Vasu Birla and today we will dicuss about he forth layer that is Transport Layer.
 This layer works as a transaction point between upper three layer application , presentation , sessikon layers and lower three data layers  physical , data link and network layer.

As we all know today’s computers supports multitasking features.  Multitasking means at the same thime multiple applications can be run and send and recieve data . Transport layer provides servieces through which these all applications can send and receive data using lower layers at the same time. 


Transport layer is also responsible for end to end transport.

Transport layer moniters diffrent kind of data which recived from diffrent application. Transport layer combines these data into a single data unit and send it to lower layer. And at lower layers recieving devices split this single unit data and send to compatible applications.
(Jo data transport layer single unit me send karta he reciving devices use split karke jis application ke liye jo data he unhe send karta he. )

Important features of transport layer. 

  •     Segmentation-  PDU (packet data gram unit) it means  at this layer data is in form segments.
  • ·        Multiplexing and Demultiplexing-  as we disucces above ..many to one data and , one to many data. 
  • ·        Process level addressing – Every service is given a port number . When a perticular application send and receive request or data  that application uses a port number.
For example-  Port number 80 is used for Web or http services.  Port 20 and 21 are used for FTP (file transfer protocol) means uploading and downloading services.

Using this port numbers transport layer seprate the applications and send the right data at right address or on right port number.

  • Connection Services- This the another function of Transport layer , this function provides connetion services to applications and protocols. It has two categaroies 

1.     Connection Less 

2.      Connection oriented

 (In dono mese koi bhi jada achha ya bura nahi he i mean dono ke apne own fuctions and fayde he)

 

  • Error connetion – Protocols of transport layer uses many algorithems for reliable and efficient communication amoung devices , at the time of transmission for detetion of loses and errors done by these protocols

Mainly two protocolos are used at this layer:
TCP protocol – used in mails , banking.
UDP protocol- used in Streaming.



Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Part 15- What is Repeater (Networking Devices)- Computer Networking- CCNA

Repeater  hello friends i am Vasu Birla and today i am starting new segment of CCNA computer networking  its a Networking Devices. we will discuss every important Devices used in networks. Repeater is a first networking devices. What is Repeater  Repeater is a device that receives signals and re-transmits by amplifying or regenerating signals. Repeater has two port one is for receive signals from previous network and second port is for retransmit signals to the next extended network. Two Port Repeater Repeater is a device which is used to Regenerate or replicate signal (Pichhe se aa rahe signal ko regenerate karke ya amplify karke aage strong signals bhej sakte he) Analog and digital both type of signals can be retransmitted by repeater. Here there is difference between regeneration and amplifying.  Amplification means , received signals will be amplified as it is , whether there are impurities in signals  and Regeneration means repeate...

How to Kill the Process: ( Port Process )

If you are seeing a Error like  -   Error: listen EADDRINUSE: address already in use :::3000   then you can easily kill it by running these commands  Find the Process Using Port 3006 : On Windows   netstat -ano | findstr :3000 On Linux/macOS lsof -i :3000       Terminate the Process :       On Windows taskkill /PID <PID> /F    means       taskkill /PID 17780 /F On Linux/macOS kill -9 <PID>     means kill -9 17780                ==============END ==========  

GitHub Repo Collaboration Work on single project

 =============================================== To collaborate effectively with your friend on the same project, you should use Git branches to manage different lines of development. Here's a step-by-step procedure you can follow to streamline collaboration: 1. Create Separate Branches for Each Developer Create a New Branch for Your Friend: On your local repository, create a new branch for your friend. For example if your friend name is kilvish , if you want to create a branch named kilvish , you would run: make sure you would be on main branch already   command->  git checkout -b kilvish git push origin kilvish 2. Set Up Your Friend’s Environment( On your Friend's System )  at kilvish side  run ->  Clone the Repository (if not already done): If your friend hasn’t cloned the repository yet, they should do so: command ->  git clone https://github.com/Vasu-Birla/your-repo.git   // your your main clone line  Fetch All Bran...